Performed all tasks

src/Task01/solution.java

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+package Task01;
+
+/*
+Task: Write a method in Java to get the difference between the largest and smallest values in an array of integers. The length of the array must be 1 and above. Use loops and conditionals to develop the algorithm.
+ */
+
+import java.util.Scanner;
+
+public class solution {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        int n; // number of elements to read
+
+        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); // Scanner to read user input from standard input
+        System.out.println("Enter the number of elements in the array: ");
+        n = sc.nextInt(); // read array length
+
+        // Validate that array length is at least 1, otherwise terminate early
+        if (n < 1) {
+            System.out.println("The length of the array must be greater than zero");
+            return;
+        }
+
+        int[] numbers = new int[n]; // allocate array with user-specified size
+
+        // Read n integers from the user and populate the array
+        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            System.out.println("Enter the element " + (i + 1) + ": ");
+            numbers[i] = sc.nextInt();
+        }
+
+        // Initialize both largest and smallest with the first element
+        int largest = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
+        int smallest = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+
+        // Traverse the array to find the true largest and smallest values
+        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            // Update largest if the current element is greater
+            if (numbers[i] > largest) {
+                largest = numbers[i];
+            }
+
+            // Update smallest if the current element is smaller
+            if (numbers[i] < smallest) {
+                smallest = numbers[i];
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Output the results
+        System.out.println("The largest number is " + largest);
+        System.out.println("The smallest number is " + smallest);
+        System.out.println("The difference between largest and smallest is " + (largest - smallest));
+    }
+}

src/Task02/solution.java

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+package Task02;
+
+/*
+Write a method in Java to find the smallest and second smallest elements of a given array and print it in the console. Use loops and conditionals to develop the algorithm.
+ */
+
+import java.util.Scanner;
+
+public class solution {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        int n; // number of elements to read
+
+        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); // Scanner to read user input from standard input
+        System.out.println("Enter the number of elements in the array: ");
+        n = sc.nextInt(); // read array length
+
+        // Validate that array length is at least 1, otherwise terminate early
+        if (n < 1) {
+            System.out.println("The length of the array must be greater than zero");
+            return;
+        }
+
+        int[] numbers = new int[n]; // allocate array with user-specified size
+
+        // Read n integers from the user and populate the array
+        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            System.out.println("Enter the element " + (i + 1) + ": ");
+            numbers[i] = sc.nextInt();
+        }
+
+        int smallest = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+        int secondSmallest =  Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+
+        // Traverse the array to find the true largest and smallest values
+        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            // Update the smallest element of array.
+            if (numbers[i] < smallest) {
+                secondSmallest = smallest;
+                smallest = numbers[i];
+            }
+
+            // Update the second smallest element of array.
+            if (numbers[i] < secondSmallest && numbers[i] != smallest) {
+                secondSmallest = numbers[i];
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Output results
+        System.out.println("The smallest number is " + smallest);
+        System.out.println("The secondSmallest number is " + secondSmallest);
+    }
+}

src/Task03/Employee.java

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+package Task03;
+
+/*
+1. Create an Employee class to represent an employee of a company. Add all relevant properties and behaviors that you might need but you have to include a salary property. Don't forget to add getters and setters.
+2. Create an Intern class that extends from Employee. All the Interns have a salary limit of 20000 (constant). You must validate if an intern is created (or salary updated) with a bigger salary than the max. The max value is set.
+3. Write a program that creates 10 Employees and print it all the properties.
+*/
+
+import java.util.Scanner;
+public class Employee {
+    private int id;
+    private String empName;
+    private String designation;
+    private double salary;
+    private boolean isIntern = false;
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the unique identifier for the employee.
+     */
+    public void setId(int id) {
+        this.id = id;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the employee's display name.
+     */
+    public void setEmpName(String empName) {
+        this.empName = empName;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the job title/role assigned to this employee.
+     */
+    public void setDesignation(String designation) {
+        this.designation = designation;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the salary for this employee.
+     * Note: Intern overrides this method to enforce a max salary.
+     */
+    public void setSalary(double salary) {
+        this.salary = salary;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Marks this employee as an intern or not. This flag is informational; actual
+     * intern-specific constraints are implemented in Intern.
+     */
+    public void setIsIntern(boolean isIntern) {
+        this.isIntern = isIntern;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return the unique identifier of the employee.
+     */
+    public int getId() {
+        return this.id;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return the employee's display name.
+     */
+    public String getEmpName() {
+        return this.empName;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return the role/designation of the employee.
+     */
+    public String getDesignation() {
+        return this.designation;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return the current salary of the employee.
+     */
+    public double getSalary() {
+        return this.salary;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return true if this employee is flagged as an intern; false otherwise.
+     */
+    public boolean getIsIntern() {
+        return this.isIntern;
+    }
+}

src/Task03/Intern.java

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+package Task03;
+
+/*
+2. Create an Intern class that extends from Employee. All the Interns have a salary limit of 20000 (constant). You must validate if an intern is created (or salary updated) with a bigger salary than the max. The max value is set.
+ */
+
+public class Intern extends Employee {
+    private static final double salaryLimit = 20000;
+
+    /**
+     * Caps the salary to salaryLimit if a higher value is provided.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void setSalary(double salary) {
+        if (salary > salaryLimit) {
+            salary = salaryLimit;
+        }
+
+        super.setSalary(salary);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Ignores the provided designation and forces it to "Intern".
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void setDesignation(String designation) {
+        super.setDesignation("Intern");
+    }
+}

src/Task03/ListEmployees.java

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+package Task03;
+
+/*
+3. Write a program that creates 10 Employees and print it all the properties.
+ */
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Scanner;
+
+public class ListEmployees {
+    static ArrayList<Employee> employees = new ArrayList<>();
+
+    public static void generateEmployeeData() {
+        String[] Names = {"Danial Khan", "Quintin Wise", "Vivian Gonzalez","Marisa Fennell","Katie Morley","Broderick Shumate","Gunnar Alvarado","Anjali Rollins","Jimmy Ott","Brigid Martinez","Joe Wood"};
+        String[] Designations = {"Chief","Central","District","Future","Chief","Human","Internal","Forward","International","Internal"};
+
+        for (int i = 1; i <= 10 ; i++) {
+            Employee emp = (i <= 8) ? new Employee() : new Intern();
+            emp.setId(i);
+            emp.setEmpName(Names[(int) (Math.random()*10)]);
+            emp.setDesignation(Designations[(int) (Math.random()*10)]);
+            emp.setSalary(Math.random()*50000);
+
+            employees.add(emp);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
+        boolean exit = false;
+        int choice;
+
+        generateEmployeeData();
+
+        // Main menu loop: read a choice and execute the corresponding action
+        do {
+            System.out.println("-------------MENU-------------");
+            System.out.println("1 - Add an employee");
+            System.out.println("2 - Update an employee");
+            System.out.println("3 - Delete an employee");
+            System.out.println("4 - Add an intern");
+            System.out.println("------------------------------");
+            System.out.println("5 - View all");
+            System.out.println("0 - Exit");
+
+            choice = sc.nextInt();
+
+            switch (choice) {
+                case 1 -> addEmployee(false);
+                case 2 -> {
+                    System.out.println("Enter employee id to update: ");
+                    int empId = sc.nextInt();
+                    updateEmployee(empId);
+                }
+                case 3 -> {
+                    System.out.println("Enter employee id to delete: ");
+                    int empId = sc.nextInt();
+                    deleteEmployee(empId);
+                }
+                case 4 -> addEmployee(true);
+                case 5 -> listAll();
+                case 0 -> exit = true;
+            }
+
+        } while (!exit);
+
+        sc.close();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Prints a simple table with all employees currently stored in ArrayList.
+     */
+    static void listAll() {
+        System.out.printf("| %-6s | %-15s | %-15s | %-10s%n", "ID", "Name", "Designation", "Salary");
+        System.out.println("==========================================================");
+        for (Employee e : employees) {
+            System.out.printf("| %-6s | %-15s | %-15s | %-10s%n", e.getId(), e.getEmpName(), e.getDesignation(), Math.round(e.getSalary()));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reads fields from the console and adds either a regular Employee or an Intern.
+     *
+     * @param isIntern if true, fills the shared Intern instance; otherwise the Employee instance.
+     *                 We object via a ternary so we can call common setters
+     *                 on the Employee reference.
+     */
+    static void addEmployee(boolean isIntern) {
+        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
+
+        // Choose the underlying object based on the flag; both are Employees so
+        // we can call common getters/setters through the Employee reference.
+        Employee obj = isIntern ? new Intern() : new Employee();
+
+        System.out.println("Enter employee ID");
+        obj.setId(sc.nextInt());
+        sc.nextLine();
+
+        System.out.println("Enter employee name: ");
+        obj.setEmpName(sc.nextLine());
+
+        System.out.println("Enter employee designation: ");
+        obj.setDesignation(sc.nextLine());
+
+        System.out.println("Enter employee salary: ");
+        obj.setSalary(sc.nextDouble());
+
+        obj.setIsIntern(isIntern);
+
+        System.out.println("Employee added Successfully");
+        employees.add(obj);
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Updates an existing employee by id. If not found, it reports and returns.
+     */
+    static void updateEmployee(int id) {
+        // Find employee by id and update its fields
+        Employee _thisEmployee = null;
+        for (Employee e : employees) {
+            if (e.getId() == id) {
+                _thisEmployee = e;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (_thisEmployee == null) {
+            System.out.println("Employee with id " + id + " not found.");
+            return;
+        }
+
+        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
+
+        System.out.println("Updating employee with id: " + id + "");
+
+        System.out.print("Name [" + _thisEmployee.getEmpName() + "]: ");
+        _thisEmployee.setEmpName(sc.nextLine());
+
+        System.out.print("Designation [" + _thisEmployee.getDesignation() + "]: ");
+        _thisEmployee.setDesignation(sc.nextLine());
+
+        System.out.print("Salary [" + _thisEmployee.getSalary() + "]: ");
+        _thisEmployee.setSalary(sc.nextDouble());
+
+        System.out.println("Employee: " + id + " updated successfully.");
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Deletes an employee with the given id from the Array list.
+     */
+    static void deleteEmployee(int id) {
+        if (employees.isEmpty()) {
+            System.out.println("Employee list is empty.");
+            return;
+        }
+        boolean removed = employees.removeIf(e -> e.getId() == id);
+
+        if (removed) {
+            System.out.println("Employee with id " + id + " deleted successfully.");
+        } else {
+            System.out.println("Employee with id " + id + " not found.");
+        }
+    }
+}