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🔐 Security and Compliance

Security is a foundational concern for platform engineering teams. This guide covers DevSecOps practices, policy-as-code, and security automation.

🎯 DevSecOps Principles

DevSecOps integrates security practices into every phase of the software development lifecycle:

┌─────────┐    ┌─────────┐    ┌─────────┐    ┌─────────┐    ┌─────────┐
│  Plan   │───▶│  Code   │───▶│  Build  │───▶│  Test   │───▶│ Deploy  │
└────┬────┘    └────┬────┘    └────┬────┘    └────┬────┘    └────┬────┘
     │              │              │              │              │
┌────▼────┐   ┌────▼────┐   ┌────▼────┐   ┌────▼────┐   ┌────▼────┐
│ Threat  │   │  SAST   │   │   SCA   │   │  DAST   │   │ Runtime │
│Modeling │   │         │   │         │   │         │   │Security │
└─────────┘   └─────────┘   └─────────┘   └─────────┘   └─────────┘

🛡️ Security Tools

Static Analysis (SAST)

Tool Language Support Link
Semgrep Multi-language semgrep.dev
SonarQube Multi-language sonarqube.org
CodeQL Multi-language codeql.github.com
Bandit Python bandit.readthedocs.io

Dependency Scanning (SCA)

Tool Description Link
Dependabot GitHub-native dependency updates github.com
Snyk Vulnerability scanning snyk.io
Trivy Container and filesystem scanning trivy.dev
OWASP Dependency-Check Known vulnerability detection owasp.org

Container Security

Tool Purpose Link
Trivy Image vulnerability scanning trivy.dev
Falco Runtime threat detection falco.org
Kyverno Kubernetes policy engine kyverno.io
OPA/Gatekeeper Policy-as-code openpolicyagent.org

Secrets Management

Tool Description Link
HashiCorp Vault Secrets management vaultproject.io
Azure Key Vault Azure secrets service azure.microsoft.com
AWS Secrets Manager AWS secrets service aws.amazon.com
SOPS Encrypted files in Git github.com/getsops

📋 Security Best Practices

1. Zero Trust Architecture

Never trust, always verify. Apply these principles:

  • Verify explicitly: Authenticate and authorize based on all available data
  • Least privilege access: Limit user and service permissions
  • Assume breach: Minimize blast radius and segment access

2. Shift Left Security

Integrate security early in the development process:

# GitHub Actions example: Security scanning on every PR
name: Security Scan
on: [pull_request]

jobs:
  security:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      
      - name: Run Trivy vulnerability scanner
        uses: aquasecurity/trivy-action@master
        with:
          scan-type: 'fs'
          severity: 'HIGH,CRITICAL'
          
      - name: Run Semgrep
        uses: returntocorp/semgrep-action@v1

3. Infrastructure Security

# Terraform: Enforce encryption at rest
resource "azurerm_storage_account" "example" {
  name                     = "storageaccount"
  resource_group_name      = azurerm_resource_group.example.name
  location                 = azurerm_resource_group.example.location
  account_tier             = "Standard"
  account_replication_type = "GRS"
  
  # Security best practices
  min_tls_version                 = "TLS1_2"
  enable_https_traffic_only       = true
  allow_nested_items_to_be_public = false
  
  blob_properties {
    delete_retention_policy {
      days = 7
    }
  }
}

4. Kubernetes Security

# Pod Security: Non-root, read-only filesystem
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: secure-pod
spec:
  securityContext:
    runAsNonRoot: true
    runAsUser: 1000
    fsGroup: 1000
  containers:
    - name: app
      image: myapp:latest
      securityContext:
        allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
        readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
        capabilities:
          drop:
            - ALL

📊 Compliance Frameworks

Framework Focus Area
SOC 2 Service organization controls
ISO 27001 Information security management
PCI DSS Payment card industry
HIPAA Healthcare data protection
GDPR EU data protection
FedRAMP US federal cloud security

🔗 Related Resources

There aren’t any published security advisories