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fix: use generic error messages in login handler (#845)#1177

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Shrutii-Rai:fix/auth-bug-845-v2
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fix: use generic error messages in login handler (#845)#1177
Shrutii-Rai wants to merge 3 commits into
aryandas2911:mainfrom
Shrutii-Rai:fix/auth-bug-845-v2

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@Shrutii-Rai
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**Fixes #845

📝 Description

Replaced specific authentication error messages with generic messages to prevent user enumeration attacks.**

## 🔗 Related Issue
Closes #845

## 🛠️ Changes Made

  • Replaced "User does not exist" with "Invalid email or password"
  • Replaced "Password does not match" with "Invalid email or password"
  • Prevents attackers from knowing whether email is registered or password is wrong

✅ Checklist

  • Followed project structure
  • Linked the issue
  • No console errors
  • Only authController.js modified (clean fix)

🚀 Notes for Reviewers

This is a resubmission of PR #866 which was closed due to accidental code deletion during conflict resolution. This PR contains only the intended 2-line message changes.

@Shrutii-Rai
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Hi @aryandas2911

I'm submitting this as a clean resubmission of PR #866 (which was
closed due to accidental code deletion during conflict resolution —
I apologize for that mistake!).

## What was the bug? 🐛
The login handler was returning specific error messages:

  • "User does not exist" → revealed whether an email is registered
  • "Password does not match" → revealed the email was valid but password was wrong

This is a User Enumeration Attack vulnerability — attackers can
use specific messages to figure out which emails are registered in
the system, and then target those accounts.

## What did I fix?
Replaced both specific messages with a single generic message:

  • ✅ "Invalid email or password"

This prevents attackers from knowing whether the email exists or
the password was wrong — both cases return the same message.

## Why is this important?
This is a standard security best practice followed by major platforms
like Google, GitHub, and others. It significantly reduces the risk of
targeted attacks on user accounts.

## Changes Made 📝

  • Only backend/controllers/authController.js was modified
  • 2 error messages changed in the login handler
  • No other files touched — clean minimal fix ✅

Kindly review and merge this PR when you get a chance.
Happy to make any changes if needed! 🙏

Thank you!

@Shrutii-Rai
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Hi @aryandas2911
Could you please review and merge PR #1177 when you get a chance?
I have also been assigned issue #1181 and would like to start working on it.
Thank you!

@aryandas2911
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@Shrutii-Rai there are no changed files in this PR

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@aryandas2911
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@Shrutii-Rai there are no changed files in this PR

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Authentication Bug: Login Fails and Signup Returns Invalid Token Error

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