Campus Course & Records Manager (CCRM)

Implemented a console-based Java application called Campus Course & Records Manager (CCRM) that lets an institute manage: Students, Courses, Grades & Transcripts and File Utilities.

How to Run the Project

Prerequisites

• JDK 17 or higher installed
• Git installed (to clone the repository)

Step-by-Step Instructions

1. Clone the repository:

git clone https://github.com/sakshi23bcg10019/vityarthi-java-ccrm.git
cd student-course-management

2. Compile the project:

mkdir -p bin
javac -d bin src/main/java/edu/ccrm/**/*.java

3. Run the application:

java -cp bin edu.ccrm.Main

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Alternative: Using Eclipse IDE

1. Clone the repository:

git clone https://github.com/sakshi23bcg10019/vityarthi-java-ccrm.git

2. Import into Eclipse: Open Eclipse File → Import → Git → Projects from Git Select Clone URI

Paste your repository URL:https://github.com/sakshi23bcg10019/student-course-management.git

3. Select the main branch

4. Choose Import as general project

5. Right-click the project → Run As → Java Application

6. Select edu.ccrm.Main as the main class

Evolution of Java

• 1991: Java project started by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems (originally called Oak)
• 1995: Java 1.0 released with "Write Once, Run Anywhere" capability
• 1998: Java 1.2 (Java 2) released with Swing and Collections framework
• 2004: Java 5 released with generics, annotations, and autoboxing
• 2010: Oracle acquired Sun Microsystems
• 2011: Java 7 released with improved I/O and try-with-resources
• 2014: Java 8 released with lambda expressions and Stream API
• 2017: Java 9 introduced module system (Project Jigsaw)
• 2018: Java 11 LTS released with new HTTP client and var keyword
• 2021: Java 17 LTS released with sealed classes and pattern matching

Java ME vs SE vs EE

Feature	Java ME	Java SE	Java EE
Purpose	Mobile and embedded devices	Desktop and server applications	Enterprise-level applications
APIs	Limited core APIs	Complete core APIs	Extended APIs for enterprise
Memory Footprint	Small	Medium	Large
Examples	Mobile phones, set-top boxes	Desktop applications, web servers	Large-scale enterprise systems

Java Architecture: JDK, JRE, JVM

• JDK (Java Development Kit): Provides tools for developing Java applications (compiler, debugger, etc.)
• JRE (Java Runtime Environment): Contains JVM and core libraries to run Java applications
• JVM (Java Virtual Machine): Executes Java bytecode and provides platform independence

How they interact:

Developers use JDK to write and compile Java code. The compiled bytecode runs on JRE, which contains the JVM that executes the code.

Install & Configure Java on Windows

1. Download JDK from Oracle's website
2. Run the installer and follow the installation steps
3. Set environment variables:

JAVA_HOME: C:\Program Files\Java\jdk-17

4. Add %JAVA_HOME%\bin to PATH
5. Verify installation:

java -version
javac -version

Note: Screenshots available in the screenshots folder.

Mapping Table

Syllabus Topic	File/Class/Method	Demonstration
Primitive variables	domain/Student.java	int credits, boolean active
Objects	domain/Student.java	Student student = new Student(...)
Operators	util/Comparators.java	(s1, s2) -> Double.compare(s2.calculateGPA(), s1.calculateGPA())
Operator precedence	cli/MainCLI.java	Documented in comments
Decision structures	cli/MainCLI.java	if/else, switch statements in menu system
Loops	cli/MainCLI.java	while, for, enhanced for loops
Jump control	cli/MainCLI.java	break, continue in menu navigation
Arrays	service/StudentServiceImpl.java	List<Student> students
Array utilities	service/StudentServiceImpl.java	students.stream().filter(...)
String methods	domain/Name.java	equals, hashCode, toString
Encapsulation	domain/Person.java	Private fields with getters/setters
Inheritance	domain/Student.java	extends Person
Abstraction	domain/Person.java	Abstract class with abstract methods
Polymorphism	domain/Student.java	@Override toString()
Access levels	domain/Person.java	private, protected, public
Constructors in inheritance	domain/Student.java	super(id, fullName, email)
Immutability	domain/Name.java	final fields, no setters
Nested classes	domain/Student.java	static class StudentComparator
Inner classes	domain/Student.java	class Transcript
Interfaces	service/StudentService.java	interface StudentService
Diamond problem	service/StudentService.java	Default methods resolution
Functional interfaces	util/Comparators.java	Comparator<Student> STUDENT_BY_NAME
Lambdas	util/Comparators.java	(s1, s2) -> s1.getFullName().toString().compareTo(...)
Anonymous inner classes	cli/MainCLI.java	Custom listener implementation
Enums	domain/Semester.java	enum Semester with fields
Upcast & downcast	cli/MainCLI.java	Documented with comments
instanceof	cli/MainCLI.java	Type checking in menu handling
Overriding & overloading	domain/Student.java	Method overriding
Singleton pattern	config/AppConfig.java	static synchronized AppConfig getInstance()
Builder pattern	domain/Course.java	static class Builder
Errors vs Exceptions	README.md	Explained in this section
Checked exceptions	service/EnrollmentServiceImpl.java	throws DuplicateEnrollmentException
Custom exceptions	exception/DuplicateEnrollmentException.java	Custom exception classes
Assertions	domain/Student.java	assert id != null : "ID cannot be null"
NIO.2	io/ImportExportService.java	Path, Files operations
Stream API	service/StudentServiceImpl.java	students.stream().filter(...)
Date/Time API	domain/Student.java	LocalDateTime.now()

Errors vs Exceptions

In Java, both Error and Exception extend from the Throwable class, but they serve different purposes:

• Errors: Represent serious problems that applications should not try to catch. Examples include OutOfMemoryError and StackOverflowError. These are typically caused by the environment in which the application is running.

• Exceptions: Represent conditions that applications might want to catch and handle. They are further divided into:
  • Checked Exceptions: Must be declared in method signatures or caught (e.g., IOException)
  • Unchecked Exceptions: Extend RuntimeException and don't need to be declared or caught (e.g., NullPointerException)

Enabling Assertions

Assertions are disabled by default in Java. To enable them:

1. Compile with assertions:

javac -d bin -sourcepath src src/main/java/edu/ccrm/**/*.java

2. Run with assertions enabled:

java -ea -cp bin edu.ccrm.Main

Package Design

edu.ccrm
├─ cli/          // Menu, input loop
├─ domain/       // Person (abstract), Student, Instructor, Course, Enrollment, Grade (enum),
│                // Semester (enum), immutable value objects
├─ service/      // StudentService, CourseService, EnrollmentService, TranscriptService
│                // (polymorphic interfaces/impls)
├─ io/           // ImportExportService (NIO.2), BackupService, parsers (CSV)
├─ util/         // Validators, Comparators (lambdas), recursion utilities
└─ config/       // AppConfig (Singleton), builders

Usage and sample commands

Sample 1: Adding a student

Configuration loaded with data folder: data
Configuration loaded with backup folder: backup
=== Student Course Registration Management System ===

=== MAIN MENU ===
1. Manage Students
2. Manage Courses
3. Manage Enrollments
4. Manage Grades
5. Import/Export Data
6. Backup & Restore
7. Generate Reports
8. Exit
Enter your choice: 1

=== MANAGE STUDENTS ===
1. Add Student
2. List All Students
3. Find Student by ID
4. Update Student
5. Deactivate Student
6. Print Student Profile
7. Print Student Transcript
8. Back to Main Menu
Enter your choice: 1

=== ADD STUDENT ===
Enter student ID: 19
Enter registration number: 19
Enter first name: Sakshi
Enter last name: Shaw
Enter email: sakshshaw@gmail.com
Student added successfully!

Sample 2: Adding a course and updating it

=== MAIN MENU ===
1. Manage Students
2. Manage Courses
3. Manage Enrollments
4. Manage Grades
5. Import/Export Data
6. Backup & Restore
7. Generate Reports
8. Exit
Enter your choice: 2

=== MANAGE COURSES ===
1. Add Course
2. List All Courses
3. Find Course by Code
4. Update Course
5. Deactivate Course
6. Search Courses
7. Back to Main Menu
Enter your choice: 1

=== ADD COURSE ===
Enter course prefix (e.g., CS): cs
Enter course number (e.g., 101): 1
Enter course title: java
Enter course credits: 3
Enter department: cs
Available semesters:
1. Spring
2. Summer
3. Fall
4. Winter
Select semester: 3
Course added successfully!

=== MANAGE COURSES ===
1. Add Course
2. List All Courses
3. Find Course by Code
4. Update Course
5. Deactivate Course
6. Search Courses
7. Back to Main Menu
Enter your choice: 4

=== UPDATE COURSE ===
Enter course code to update: cs1
Current course details:
Code: cs1
Title: java
Credits: 3
Department: cs
Semester: Fall
Active: Yes

Enter new details (leave blank to keep current value):
Title [java]: java programming
Credits [3]: 4
Department [cs]: cse
Available semesters:
1. Spring
2. Summer
3. Fall
4. Winter
Select semester [Fall]: 4
Active [Yes] (true/false): true
Course updated successfully!

Sample 3: Importing data from csv File

=== MAIN MENU ===
1. Manage Students
2. Manage Courses
3. Manage Enrollments
4. Manage Grades
5. Import/Export Data
6. Backup & Restore
7. Generate Reports
8. Exit
Enter your choice: 5

=== IMPORT/EXPORT DATA ===
1. Import Students from CSV
2. Import Courses from CSV
3. Export Students to CSV
4. Export Courses to CSV
5. Export All Data
6. Back to Main Menu
Enter your choice: 1

=== IMPORT STUDENTS FROM CSV ===
Enter CSV file path (or press Enter for default 'test-data/students.csv'): 
Imported 5 students from test-data\students.csv

Sample 4: Creating Backups

=== MAIN MENU ===
1. Manage Students
2. Manage Courses
3. Manage Enrollments
4. Manage Grades
5. Import/Export Data
6. Backup & Restore
7. Generate Reports
8. Exit
Enter your choice: 6

=== BACKUP & RESTORE ===
1. Create Backup
2. Show Backup Size
3. List Backup Contents
4. Back to Main Menu
Enter your choice: 1

=== CREATE BACKUP ===
Exported 6 students to backup\backup_20250925_005751\students.csv
Exported 1 courses to backup\backup_20250925_005751\courses.csv
Exported 0 enrollments to backup\backup_20250925_005751\enrollments.csv
All data exported to backup\backup_20250925_005751
Backup created at: backup\backup_20250925_005751
Backup created successfully at: backup\backup_20250925_005751

=== BACKUP & RESTORE ===
1. Create Backup
2. Show Backup Size
3. List Backup Contents
4. Back to Main Menu
Enter your choice: 2

=== SHOW BACKUP SIZE ===
Backup directory size: 832 bytes
That's approximately 832.00 B

Academic Integrity Statement

This project represents original work developed specifically for this assignment. All code has been written independently, with proper implementation of the required Java concepts and design patterns. No external libraries or frameworks were used beyond the Java Standard Edition API.

The Campus Course & Records Manager demonstrates a thorough understanding of Java programming principles, object-oriented design, and software development best practices, while providing a practical solution to academic record management challenges.