On Apple M5 / macOS 26.4.1 (Darwin 25.4.0), every guest crashes on the first EL1 shim instruction.
━━━ Busybox 1.37.0 applet smoke tests ━━━
── Core utilities ──
echo [ OK ]
printf [ OK ]
cat [ FAIL ] (pattern 'hello world' not found, rc=128)
19:33:54 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
head [ FAIL ] (pattern 'line1' not found, rc=128)
19:33:54 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
tail [ FAIL ] (pattern 'line5' not found, rc=128)
19:33:54 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
wc [ OK ]
sort [ FAIL ] (pattern 'apple' not found, rc=128)
19:33:54 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
uniq [ OK ]
cut [ OK ]
tr [ FAIL ] (pattern 'HELLO' not found, rc=127)
/Users/devaraja/Work/elfuse/tests/lib/test-runner.sh: line 169: timeout: command not found
sed [ FAIL ] (pattern 'HELLO' not found, rc=127)
/Users/devaraja/Work/elfuse/tests/lib/test-runner.sh: line 169: timeout: command not found
awk [ OK ]
grep [ FAIL ] (pattern 'hello' not found, rc=127)
/Users/devaraja/Work/elfuse/tests/lib/test-runner.sh: line 169: timeout: command not found
true [ FAIL ] (got 128, expected 0)
19:33:54 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
false [ FAIL ] (got 128, expected 1)
19:33:54 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
sleep [ FAIL ] (got 128, expected 0)
19:33:54 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
── File operations ──
cp [ FAIL ] (got 128, expected 0)
19:33:54 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
mv [ FAIL ] (got 128, expected 0)
19:33:54 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
rm [ FAIL ] (got 128, expected 0)
19:33:54 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
ln [ FAIL ] (got 128, expected 0)
19:33:54 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
mkdir [ FAIL ] (got 128, expected 0)
19:33:54 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
rmdir [ FAIL ] (got 128, expected 0)
19:33:54 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
touch [ FAIL ] (got 128, expected 0)
19:33:54 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
chmod [ FAIL ] (got 128, expected 0)
19:33:54 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
ls [ FAIL ] (pattern 'hello.txt' not found, rc=128)
19:33:54 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
stat [ FAIL ] (pattern 'File:' not found, rc=128)
19:33:54 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
du [ OK ]
df [ FAIL ] (pattern 'Filesystem' not found, rc=128)
19:33:54 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
readlink [ FAIL ] (pattern '/var/folders/n3/lfl52rq91zd_n25v6jmcpqf00000gn/T/tmp.ua1IwEXIgW/hello.txt' not found, rc=128)
19:33:54 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
realpath [ OK ]
basename [ OK ]
dirname [ OK ]
pwd [ OK ]
dd [ FAIL ] (got 128, expected 0)
19:33:54 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
sync [ FAIL ] (got 128, expected 0)
19:33:54 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
── Text processing ──
md5sum [ OK ]
sha1sum [ OK ]
sha256sum [ OK ]
sha512sum [ OK ]
od [ OK ]
hexdump [ OK ]
xxd [ OK ]
base64 [ FAIL ] (pattern 'aGVsbG8gd29ybGQ' not found, rc=128)
19:33:54 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
fold [ OK ]
nl [ OK ]
expand [ OK ]
unexpand [ OK ]
paste [ OK ]
tac [ FAIL ] (pattern 'line5' not found, rc=128)
19:33:54 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
rev [ FAIL ] (pattern 'dlrow olleh' not found, rc=128)
19:33:55 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
comm [ OK ]
── Math / misc ──
seq [ OK ]
expr [ OK ]
factor [ FAIL ] (pattern '2 2 3' not found, rc=128)
19:33:55 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
date [ OK ]
uname [ FAIL ] (pattern 'Linux' not found, rc=128)
19:33:55 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
id [ FAIL ] (pattern 'uid=' not found, rc=128)
19:33:55 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
whoami [ FAIL ] (pattern 'user' not found, rc=128)
19:33:55 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
hostname [ OK ]
env [ FAIL ] (pattern 'PATH' not found, rc=128)
19:33:55 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
test [ OK ]
── Proc-backed applets ──
ps [ FAIL ] (pattern 'COMMAND' not found, rc=128)
19:33:55 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
uptime [ FAIL ] (pattern 'load average' not found, rc=128)
19:33:55 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
top [ FAIL ] (pattern 'PID' not found, rc=128)
19:33:55 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
── Archive / compression ──
gzip [ FAIL ] (got 128, expected 0)
19:33:55 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
zcat [ FAIL ] (pattern 'hello world' not found, rc=128)
19:33:55 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
gunzip [ FAIL ] (got 128, expected 0)
19:33:55 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
tar [ FAIL ] (got 128, expected 0)
19:33:55 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
tar [ FAIL ] (pattern 'tar-file.txt' not found, rc=128)
19:33:55 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
bzip2 [ FAIL ] (got 128, expected 0)
19:33:55 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
bzcat [ FAIL ] (pattern 'bzip test data' not found, rc=128)
19:33:55 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
bunzip2 [ FAIL ] (got 128, expected 0)
19:33:55 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
── Additional utilities ──
bc [ OK ]
cmp [ FAIL ] (got 128, expected 0)
19:33:55 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
diff [ FAIL ] (got 128, expected 1)
19:33:55 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
strings [ OK ]
find [ OK ]
── Networking ──
nslookup [ FAIL ] (pattern 'Address' not found, rc=128)
19:33:55 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
wget [ FAIL ] (pattern 'Example' not found, rc=128)
19:33:55 ERROR src/syscall/proc.c:1699: elfuse: guest exception vec=0x100 ESR=0x2000000 FAR=0x0 ELR=0x100000 SPSR=0x3c5
ping [ SKIP ] (needs raw socket / setuid)
nc [ FAIL ] (pattern 'HTTP' not found, rc=127)
tests/test-busybox.sh: line 85: timeout: command not found
telnet [ SKIP ] (needs interactive terminal)
── Shell ──
ash [ FAIL ] (pattern 'hello' not found, rc=127)
/Users/devaraja/Work/elfuse/tests/lib/test-runner.sh: line 169: timeout: command not found
sh [ FAIL ] (pattern 'hello' not found, rc=127)
/Users/devaraja/Work/elfuse/tests/lib/test-runner.sh: line 169: timeout: command not found
Results: 32 passed, 50 failed, 2 skipped (of 84)
make: *** [test-busybox] Error 1
make check` unrunnable.
devaraja@Chi-Kuans-MacBook-Air-3 elfuse % make check
AS tests/hello.S
make: aarch64-none-elf-as: No such file or directory
make: *** [build/test-hello] Error 1
On Apple M5 / macOS 26.4.1 (Darwin 25.4.0), every guest crashes on the first EL1 shim instruction.
make test-busyboxfails 50/84;make check` unrunnable.