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sql.go
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855 lines (802 loc) · 23.5 KB
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package sqlparser
import (
"fmt"
"regexp"
"strconv"
"strings"
)
// Parse takes a string representing a SQL query and parses it into a Query struct. It may fail.
func Parse(sqls string) (Query, error) {
qs, err := ParseMany([]string{sqls})
if len(qs) == 0 {
return Query{}, err
}
return qs[0], err
}
// ParseMany takes a string slice representing many SQL queries and parses them into a Query struct slice.
// It may fail. If it fails, it will stop at the first failure.
func ParseMany(sqls []string) ([]Query, error) {
qs := []Query{}
for _, sql := range sqls {
q, err := parse(sql)
if err != nil {
return qs, err
}
qs = append(qs, q)
}
return qs, nil
}
func parse(sql string) (Query, error) {
return (&parser{0, strings.TrimSpace(sql), stepType, Query{}, nil, ""}).parse()
}
type step int
const (
stepType step = iota
stepSelectField
stepSelectFrom
stepSelectComma
stepSelectFromTable
stepInsertTable
stepInsertFieldsOpeningParens
stepInsertFields
stepInsertFieldsCommaOrClosingParens
stepInsertValuesOpeningParens
stepInsertValuesRWord
stepInsertValues
stepInsertValuesCommaOrClosingParens
stepInsertValuesCommaBeforeOpeningParens
stepUpdateTable
stepUpdateSet
stepUpdateField
stepUpdateEquals
stepUpdateValue
stepUpdateComma
stepDeleteFromTable
stepWhere
stepWhereField
stepWhereOperator
stepWhereValue
stepWhereAnd
stepCreateTable
stepParseCreateFields //()
stepWhereInOpeningParens
stepWhereInValue
stepWhereInCommaOrClosingParens
)
type parser struct {
i int
sql string
step step
query Query
err error
nextUpdateField string
}
func (p *parser) parse() (Query, error) {
q, err := p.doParse()
p.err = err
if p.err == nil {
p.err = p.validate()
}
p.logError()
return q, p.err
}
func (p *parser) doParse() (Query, error) {
for {
if p.i >= len(p.sql) {
return p.query, p.err
}
switch p.step {
case stepType:
QType := strings.ToUpper(p.peek())
switch QType {
case "SELECT":
p.query.Type = Select
p.pop()
p.step = stepSelectField
case "INSERT INTO":
p.query.Type = Insert
p.pop()
p.step = stepInsertTable
case "UPDATE":
p.query.Type = Update
p.query.Updates = map[string]string{}
p.pop()
p.step = stepUpdateTable
case "DELETE FROM":
p.query.Type = Delete
p.pop()
p.step = stepDeleteFromTable
case "CREATE TABLE":
p.query.Type = Create
p.pop()
p.step = stepCreateTable
p.query.CreateFields = map[string]string{}
default:
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("invalid query type")
}
case stepCreateTable:
tableName := p.peek()
if tableName == "" {
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("missing table name")
}
p.query.TableName = tableName
p.pop()
leftBracket := p.peek() // (
if leftBracket != "(" {
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("syntax error, expect '(")
}
p.step = stepParseCreateFields
p.pop()
case stepParseCreateFields:
field := p.peek()
if field == "" {
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("syntax error, expect filed name")
}
p.pop()
Type := p.peek()
if Type == "" {
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("syntax error, expect filed type")
}
p.pop()
p.query.CreateFields[field] = Type
NToken := p.peek()
switch NToken {
case ",":
p.pop()
p.step = stepParseCreateFields
case ")":
p.pop()
default:
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("syntax error, expect ')'")
}
case stepSelectField:
identifier := p.peek()
if !isIdentifierOrAsterisk(identifier) {
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("at SELECT: expected field to SELECT")
}
p.query.Fields = append(p.query.Fields, identifier)
p.pop()
maybeFrom := p.peek()
if strings.ToUpper(maybeFrom) == "AS" {
p.pop()
alias := p.peek()
if !isIdentifier(alias) {
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("at SELECT: expected field alias for \"" + identifier + " as\" to SELECT")
}
if p.query.Aliases == nil {
p.query.Aliases = make(map[string]string)
}
p.query.Aliases[identifier] = alias
p.pop()
maybeFrom = p.peek()
}
if strings.ToUpper(maybeFrom) == "FROM" {
p.step = stepSelectFrom
continue
}
p.step = stepSelectComma
case stepSelectComma:
commaRWord := p.peek()
if commaRWord != "," {
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("at SELECT: expected comma or FROM")
}
p.pop()
p.step = stepSelectField
case stepSelectFrom:
fromRWord := p.peek()
if strings.ToUpper(fromRWord) != "FROM" {
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("at SELECT: expected FROM")
}
p.pop()
p.step = stepSelectFromTable
case stepSelectFromTable:
tableName := p.peek()
if len(tableName) == 0 {
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("at SELECT: expected quoted table name")
}
p.query.TableName = tableName
p.pop()
p.step = stepWhere
case stepInsertTable:
tableName := p.peek()
if len(tableName) == 0 {
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("at INSERT INTO: expected quoted table name")
}
p.query.TableName = tableName
p.pop()
p.step = stepInsertFieldsOpeningParens
case stepDeleteFromTable:
tableName := p.peek()
if len(tableName) == 0 {
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("at DELETE FROM: expected quoted table name")
}
p.query.TableName = tableName
p.pop()
p.step = stepWhere
case stepUpdateTable:
tableName := p.peek()
if len(tableName) == 0 {
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("at UPDATE: expected quoted table name")
}
p.query.TableName = tableName
p.pop()
p.step = stepUpdateSet
case stepUpdateSet:
setRWord := p.peek()
if setRWord != "SET" {
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("at UPDATE: expected 'SET'")
}
p.pop()
p.step = stepUpdateField
case stepUpdateField:
identifier := p.peek()
if !isIdentifier(identifier) {
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("at UPDATE: expected at least one field to update")
}
p.nextUpdateField = identifier
p.pop()
p.step = stepUpdateEquals
case stepUpdateEquals:
equalsRWord := p.peek()
if equalsRWord != "=" {
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("at UPDATE: expected '='")
}
p.pop()
p.step = stepUpdateValue
case stepUpdateValue:
quotedValue, ln := p.peekQuotedStringWithLength()
if ln == 0 {
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("at UPDATE: expected quoted value")
}
p.query.Updates[p.nextUpdateField] = quotedValue
p.nextUpdateField = ""
p.pop()
maybeWhere := p.peek()
if strings.ToUpper(maybeWhere) == "WHERE" {
p.step = stepWhere
continue
}
p.step = stepUpdateComma
case stepUpdateComma:
commaRWord := p.peek()
if commaRWord != "," {
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("at UPDATE: expected ','")
}
p.pop()
p.step = stepUpdateField
case stepWhere:
whereRWord := p.peek()
if strings.ToUpper(whereRWord) != "WHERE" {
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("expected WHERE")
}
p.pop()
p.step = stepWhereField
case stepWhereField:
identifier := p.peek()
if !isIdentifier(identifier) {
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("at WHERE: expected field")
}
p.query.Conditions = append(p.query.Conditions, Condition{Operand1: identifier, Operand1IsField: true})
p.pop()
p.step = stepWhereOperator
case stepWhereOperator:
operator := p.peek()
currentCondition := p.query.Conditions[len(p.query.Conditions)-1]
switch operator {
case "=":
currentCondition.Operator = Eq
case ">":
currentCondition.Operator = Gt
case ">=":
currentCondition.Operator = Gte
case "<":
currentCondition.Operator = Lt
case "<=":
currentCondition.Operator = Lte
case "!=":
currentCondition.Operator = Ne
case "LIKE":
currentCondition.Operator = Like
case "NOT LIKE":
currentCondition.Operator = NotLike
case "IN":
currentCondition.Operator = In
case "NOT IN":
currentCondition.Operator = NotIn
default:
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("at WHERE: unknown operator")
}
p.query.Conditions[len(p.query.Conditions)-1] = currentCondition
p.pop()
// For IN and NOT IN operators, expect opening parenthesis
if currentCondition.Operator == In || currentCondition.Operator == NotIn {
p.step = stepWhereInOpeningParens
} else {
p.step = stepWhereValue
}
case stepWhereInOpeningParens:
openingParens := p.peek()
if openingParens != "(" {
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("at WHERE IN: expected opening parenthesis")
}
p.pop()
p.step = stepWhereInValue
case stepWhereInValue:
quotedValue, ln := p.peekQuotedStringWithLength()
if ln == 0 {
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("at WHERE IN: expected quoted value")
}
currentCondition := &p.query.Conditions[len(p.query.Conditions)-1]
currentCondition.InValues = append(currentCondition.InValues, quotedValue)
p.pop()
p.step = stepWhereInCommaOrClosingParens
case stepWhereInCommaOrClosingParens:
commaOrClosingParens := p.peek()
if commaOrClosingParens == "" {
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("at WHERE IN: expected closing parenthesis")
}
p.pop()
if commaOrClosingParens == "," {
p.step = stepWhereInValue
continue
} else if commaOrClosingParens == ")" {
p.step = stepWhereAnd
continue
} else {
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("at WHERE IN: expected comma or closing parenthesis")
}
case stepWhereValue:
currentCondition := &p.query.Conditions[len(p.query.Conditions)-1]
// For LIKE and NOT LIKE, the operand must be a quoted string.
if currentCondition.Operator == Like || currentCondition.Operator == NotLike {
quotedValue, ln := p.peekQuotedStringWithLength()
if ln == 0 {
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("at WHERE: expected quoted value for LIKE/NOT LIKE")
}
currentCondition.Operand2 = quotedValue
currentCondition.Operand2IsField = false
} else {
// For other operators, it can be an identifier or a quoted string.
identifier := p.peek()
if isIdentifier(identifier) {
currentCondition.Operand2 = identifier
currentCondition.Operand2IsField = true
} else {
quotedValue, ln := p.peekQuotedStringWithLength()
if ln == 0 {
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("at WHERE: expected quoted value")
}
currentCondition.Operand2 = quotedValue
currentCondition.Operand2IsField = false
}
}
p.pop()
p.step = stepWhereAnd
case stepWhereAnd:
andRWord := p.peek()
if strings.ToUpper(andRWord) != "AND" {
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("expected AND")
}
p.pop()
p.step = stepWhereField
case stepInsertFieldsOpeningParens:
openingParens := p.peek()
if len(openingParens) != 1 || openingParens != "(" {
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("at INSERT INTO: expected opening parens")
}
p.pop()
p.step = stepInsertFields
case stepInsertFields:
identifier := p.peek()
if !isIdentifier(identifier) {
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("at INSERT INTO: expected at least one field to insert")
}
p.query.Fields = append(p.query.Fields, identifier)
p.pop()
p.step = stepInsertFieldsCommaOrClosingParens
case stepInsertFieldsCommaOrClosingParens:
commaOrClosingParens := p.peek()
if commaOrClosingParens != "," && commaOrClosingParens != ")" {
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("at INSERT INTO: expected comma or closing parens")
}
p.pop()
if commaOrClosingParens == "," {
p.step = stepInsertFields
continue
}
p.step = stepInsertValuesRWord
case stepInsertValuesRWord:
valuesRWord := p.peek()
if strings.ToUpper(valuesRWord) != "VALUES" {
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("at INSERT INTO: expected 'VALUES'")
}
p.pop()
p.step = stepInsertValuesOpeningParens
case stepInsertValuesOpeningParens:
openingParens := p.peek()
if openingParens != "(" {
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("at INSERT INTO: expected opening parens")
}
p.query.Inserts = append(p.query.Inserts, []string{})
p.pop()
p.step = stepInsertValues
case stepInsertValues:
quotedValue, ln := p.peekQuotedStringWithLength()
if ln == 0 {
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("at INSERT INTO: expected quoted value")
}
p.query.Inserts[len(p.query.Inserts)-1] = append(p.query.Inserts[len(p.query.Inserts)-1], quotedValue)
p.pop()
p.step = stepInsertValuesCommaOrClosingParens
case stepInsertValuesCommaOrClosingParens:
commaOrClosingParens := p.peek()
if commaOrClosingParens != "," && commaOrClosingParens != ")" {
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("at INSERT INTO: expected comma or closing parens")
}
p.pop()
if commaOrClosingParens == "," {
p.step = stepInsertValues
continue
}
currentInsertRow := p.query.Inserts[len(p.query.Inserts)-1]
if len(currentInsertRow) < len(p.query.Fields) {
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("at INSERT INTO: value count doesn't match field count")
}
p.step = stepInsertValuesCommaBeforeOpeningParens
case stepInsertValuesCommaBeforeOpeningParens:
commaRWord := p.peek()
if strings.ToUpper(commaRWord) != "," {
return p.query, fmt.Errorf("at INSERT INTO: expected comma")
}
p.pop()
p.step = stepInsertValuesOpeningParens
}
}
}
func (p *parser) peek() string {
peeked, _ := p.peekWithLength()
return peeked
}
func (p *parser) pop() string {
peeked, len := p.peekWithLength()
p.i += len
p.popWhitespace()
return peeked
}
func (p *parser) popWhitespace() {
for ; p.i < len(p.sql) && p.sql[p.i] == ' '; p.i++ {
}
}
var reservedWords = []string{
"(", ")", ">=", "<=", "!=", ",", "=", ">", "<", "SELECT", "INSERT INTO", "VALUES", "UPDATE", "DELETE FROM",
"WHERE", "FROM", "SET", "AS", "CREATE TABLE", "LIKE", "NOT LIKE", "IN", "NOT IN",
}
func (p *parser) peekWithLength() (string, int) {
if p.i >= len(p.sql) {
return "", 0
}
for _, rWord := range reservedWords {
token := strings.ToUpper(p.sql[p.i:min(len(p.sql), p.i+len(rWord))])
if token == rWord {
return token, len(token)
}
}
if p.sql[p.i] == '\'' { // Quoted string
return p.peekQuotedStringWithLength()
}
return p.peekIdentifierWithLength()
}
func (p *parser) peekQuotedStringWithLength() (string, int) {
if len(p.sql) < p.i || p.sql[p.i] != '\'' {
return "", 0
}
for i := p.i + 1; i < len(p.sql); i++ {
if p.sql[i] == '\'' && p.sql[i-1] != '\\' {
return p.sql[p.i+1 : i], len(p.sql[p.i+1:i]) + 2 // +2 for the two quotes
}
}
return "", 0
}
func (p *parser) peekIdentifierWithLength() (string, int) {
start := p.i
for i := start; i < len(p.sql); i++ {
ch := p.sql[i]
if !(ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'z' ||
ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'Z' ||
ch >= '0' && ch <= '9' ||
ch == '_' || ch == '*' || ch == '.') {
return p.sql[start:i], i - start
}
}
return p.sql[start:], len(p.sql) - start
}
func (p *parser) validate() error {
if len(p.query.Conditions) == 0 && p.step == stepWhereField {
return fmt.Errorf("at WHERE: empty WHERE clause")
}
if p.query.Type == UnknownType {
return fmt.Errorf("query type cannot be empty")
}
if p.query.Type == Create {
return nil
}
if p.query.TableName == "" {
return fmt.Errorf("table name cannot be empty")
}
if len(p.query.Conditions) == 0 && (p.query.Type == Update || p.query.Type == Delete) {
return fmt.Errorf("at WHERE: WHERE clause is mandatory for UPDATE & DELETE")
}
for _, c := range p.query.Conditions {
if c.Operator == UnknownOperator {
return fmt.Errorf("at WHERE: condition without operator")
}
if c.Operand1 == "" && c.Operand1IsField {
return fmt.Errorf("at WHERE: condition with empty left side operand")
}
// For IN and NOT IN operators, check InValues instead of Operand2
if c.Operator == In || c.Operator == NotIn {
if len(c.InValues) == 0 {
return fmt.Errorf("at WHERE: IN/NOT IN condition without values")
}
} else {
if c.Operand2 == "" && c.Operand2IsField {
return fmt.Errorf("at WHERE: condition with empty right side operand")
}
}
}
if p.query.Type == Insert && len(p.query.Inserts) == 0 {
return fmt.Errorf("at INSERT INTO: need at least one row to insert")
}
if p.query.Type == Insert {
for _, i := range p.query.Inserts {
if len(i) != len(p.query.Fields) {
return fmt.Errorf("at INSERT INTO: value count doesn't match field count")
}
}
}
return nil
}
func (p *parser) logError() {
if p.err == nil {
return
}
fmt.Println(p.sql)
fmt.Println(strings.Repeat(" ", p.i) + "^")
fmt.Println(p.err)
}
func isIdentifier(s string) bool {
for _, rw := range reservedWords {
if strings.ToUpper(s) == rw {
return false
}
}
matched, _ := regexp.MatchString("[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z_0-9]*", s)
return matched
}
func isIdentifierOrAsterisk(s string) bool {
return isIdentifier(s) || s == "*"
}
func min(a, b int) int {
if a < b {
return a
}
return b
}
// FilterRecursive applies a SQL query to a map of data and returns a filtered map using recursion.
// The data is expected to be a map where the key is a unique identifier (like an ID)
// and the value is another map representing a row, with column names as keys and values of type any.
func FilterRecursive(sql string, data map[string]map[string]any) (map[string]map[string]any, error) {
q, err := Parse(sql)
if err != nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse SQL: %w", err)
}
if q.Type != Select {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("only SELECT queries can be filtered")
}
filteredData := make(map[string]map[string]any)
// Recursively filter each row
for key, row := range data {
if evaluateConditionsRecursive(row, q.Conditions, 0) {
filteredData[key] = row
}
}
return filteredData, nil
}
// evaluateConditionsRecursive recursively evaluates all conditions using AND logic
// conditionIndex represents the current condition being evaluated
func evaluateConditionsRecursive(row map[string]any, conditions []Condition, conditionIndex int) bool {
// Base case: if we've evaluated all conditions successfully, return true
if conditionIndex >= len(conditions) {
return true
}
// Evaluate the current condition
currentCondition := conditions[conditionIndex]
if !evaluateConditionRecursive(row, currentCondition) {
// If current condition fails, short-circuit and return false
return false
}
// Recursively evaluate the next condition
return evaluateConditionsRecursive(row, conditions, conditionIndex+1)
}
// evaluateConditionRecursive recursively evaluates a single condition
func evaluateConditionRecursive(row map[string]any, cond Condition) bool {
// Get the field value using recursive field access
value, exists := getFieldValueRecursive(row, strings.Split(cond.Operand1, "."), 0)
if !exists {
return false
}
// Handle different operators recursively
return evaluateOperatorRecursive(value, cond)
}
// getFieldValueRecursive recursively accesses nested fields using dot notation
// fieldParts contains the field path split by dots, partIndex is the current part being accessed
func getFieldValueRecursive(data map[string]any, fieldParts []string, partIndex int) (any, bool) {
// Base case: we've reached the final field part
if partIndex >= len(fieldParts) {
return nil, false
}
currentPart := fieldParts[partIndex]
value, exists := data[currentPart]
if !exists {
return nil, false
}
// Base case: this is the last part, return the value
if partIndex == len(fieldParts)-1 {
return value, true
}
// Recursive case: continue with nested map
nestedMap, ok := value.(map[string]any)
if !ok {
return nil, false
}
return getFieldValueRecursive(nestedMap, fieldParts, partIndex+1)
}
// evaluateOperatorRecursive recursively evaluates different operators
func evaluateOperatorRecursive(value any, cond Condition) bool {
switch cond.Operator {
case Eq:
return compareValuesRecursive(value, cond.Operand2, "eq")
case Ne:
return !compareValuesRecursive(value, cond.Operand2, "eq")
case Gt:
return compareValuesRecursive(value, cond.Operand2, "gt")
case Gte:
return compareValuesRecursive(value, cond.Operand2, "gte")
case Lt:
return compareValuesRecursive(value, cond.Operand2, "lt")
case Lte:
return compareValuesRecursive(value, cond.Operand2, "lte")
case Like:
return evaluateLikeRecursive(value, cond.Operand2)
case NotLike:
return !evaluateLikeRecursive(value, cond.Operand2)
case In:
return evaluateInRecursive(value, cond.InValues, 0)
case NotIn:
return !evaluateInRecursive(value, cond.InValues, 0)
default:
return false
}
}
// compareValuesRecursive recursively compares two values based on operation type
func compareValuesRecursive(value any, operand2 string, operation string) bool {
// Try numeric comparison first
if numResult, ok := compareNumericRecursive(value, operand2, operation); ok {
return numResult
}
// Fall back to string comparison
return compareStringRecursive(fmt.Sprintf("%v", value), operand2, operation)
}
// compareNumericRecursive attempts numeric comparison recursively
func compareNumericRecursive(value any, operand2 string, operation string) (bool, bool) {
// Try to convert value to float64
var numValue float64
var err error
switch v := value.(type) {
case int:
numValue = float64(v)
case int64:
numValue = float64(v)
case float32:
numValue = float64(v)
case float64:
numValue = v
case string:
numValue, err = strconv.ParseFloat(v, 64)
if err != nil {
return false, false // Not a number
}
default:
return false, false // Cannot convert to number
}
// Try to convert operand2 to float64
numOperand2, err := strconv.ParseFloat(operand2, 64)
if err != nil {
return false, false // operand2 is not a number
}
// Perform numeric comparison recursively
return performNumericComparisonRecursive(numValue, numOperand2, operation), true
}
// performNumericComparisonRecursive performs the actual numeric comparison
func performNumericComparisonRecursive(val1, val2 float64, operation string) bool {
switch operation {
case "eq":
return val1 == val2
case "gt":
return val1 > val2
case "gte":
return val1 >= val2
case "lt":
return val1 < val2
case "lte":
return val1 <= val2
default:
return false
}
}
// compareStringRecursive performs string comparison recursively
func compareStringRecursive(val1, val2 string, operation string) bool {
switch operation {
case "eq":
return val1 == val2
case "gt":
return val1 > val2
case "gte":
return val1 >= val2
case "lt":
return val1 < val2
case "lte":
return val1 <= val2
default:
return false
}
}
// evaluateLikeRecursive recursively evaluates LIKE pattern matching
func evaluateLikeRecursive(value any, pattern string) bool {
stringValue, ok := value.(string)
if !ok {
return false
}
// Convert SQL LIKE pattern to regex recursively
regexPattern := convertLikePatternRecursive(pattern, 0, "")
matched, err := regexp.MatchString("^"+regexPattern+"$", stringValue)
if err != nil {
return false
}
return matched
}
// convertLikePatternRecursive recursively converts SQL LIKE pattern to regex
func convertLikePatternRecursive(pattern string, index int, result string) string {
// Base case: we've processed the entire pattern
if index >= len(pattern) {
return result
}
currentChar := pattern[index]
switch currentChar {
case '%':
// % matches zero or more characters
return convertLikePatternRecursive(pattern, index+1, result+".*")
case '_':
// _ matches exactly one character
return convertLikePatternRecursive(pattern, index+1, result+".")
case '.', '*', '+', '?', '^', '$', '(', ')', '[', ']', '{', '}', '|', '\\':
// Escape special regex characters
return convertLikePatternRecursive(pattern, index+1, result+"\\"+string(currentChar))
default:
// Regular character
return convertLikePatternRecursive(pattern, index+1, result+string(currentChar))
}
}
// evaluateInRecursive recursively evaluates IN operator
func evaluateInRecursive(value any, inValues []string, index int) bool {
// Base case: we've checked all values and found no match
if index >= len(inValues) {
return false
}
// Check if current value matches
if fmt.Sprintf("%v", value) == inValues[index] {
return true
}
// Recursively check the next value
return evaluateInRecursive(value, inValues, index+1)
}