diff --git a/src/cognitect/aws/shape.clj b/src/cognitect/aws/shape.clj
index 77370813..736d174b 100644
--- a/src/cognitect/aws/shape.clj
+++ b/src/cognitect/aws/shape.clj
@@ -165,7 +165,11 @@
 
 (defmethod json-serialize* "structure"
   [shapes shape data]
-  (when data
+  (cond
+    (:document shape)
+    data
+
+    data
     (reduce-kv (fn [m k v]
                  (if-let [member-shape (resolve shapes (structure-member-shape-ref shape k))]
                    (assoc m
diff --git a/test/src/cognitect/aws/shape_test.clj b/test/src/cognitect/aws/shape_test.clj
index de9239c7..408bfe54 100644
--- a/test/src/cognitect/aws/shape_test.clj
+++ b/test/src/cognitect/aws/shape_test.clj
@@ -32,3 +32,9 @@
            (shape/json-parse* {}
                               {:type "structure" :document true}
                               [{:this "is" :a "doc"}])))))
+
+(deftest test-json-serialize
+  (is (= "{\"this\":\"is\",\"a\":\"doc\"}"
+         (shape/json-serialize {}
+                               {:type "structure", :members {}, :document true}
+                               {:this "is" :a "doc"}))))