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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading" lang="en">Wikipedia:List of English contractions</h1>
<div id="bodyContent" class="mw-body-content">
<div id="siteSub">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div>
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<div id="mw-content-text" lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"><p>This is a list of common <b><a href="/wiki/Contraction_(grammar)" title="Contraction (grammar)">contractions</a></b> used in the <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English language</a>.</p>
<table class="wikitable sortable">
<tr>
<th>Contraction</th>
<th>Meaning</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Ain%27t" title="Ain't">ain't</a></td>
<td>am not <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>aren't</td>
<td>are not <sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>can't</td>
<td>cannot</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>could've</td>
<td>could have</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>couldn't</td>
<td>could not</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>couldn't've</td>
<td>could not have</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>didn't</td>
<td>did not</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>doesn't</td>
<td>does not</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>don't</td>
<td>do not<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hadn't</td>
<td>had not</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hadn't've</td>
<td>had not have</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hasn't</td>
<td>has not</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>haven't</td>
<td>have not</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>he'd</td>
<td>he had / he would</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>he'd've</td>
<td>he would have</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>he'll</td>
<td>he shall / he will</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>he's</td>
<td>he has / he is</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>how'd</td>
<td>how did / how would</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>how'll</td>
<td>how will</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>how's</td>
<td>how has / how is / how does</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>I'd</td>
<td>I had / I would</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>I'd've</td>
<td>I would have</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>I'll</td>
<td>I shall / I will</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>I'm</td>
<td>I am</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>I've</td>
<td>I have</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>isn't</td>
<td>is not</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>it'd</td>
<td>it had / it would</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>it'd've</td>
<td>it would have</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>it'll</td>
<td>it shall / it will</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>it's</td>
<td>it has / it is</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>let's</td>
<td>let us</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ma'am</td>
<td>madam</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>mightn't</td>
<td>might not</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>mightn't've</td>
<td>might not have</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>might've</td>
<td>might have</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>mustn't</td>
<td>must not</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>must've</td>
<td>must have</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>needn't</td>
<td>need not</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>not've</td>
<td>not have</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>o'clock</td>
<td>of the clock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>oughtn't</td>
<td>ought not</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>shan't</td>
<td>shall not</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>she'd</td>
<td>she had / she would</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>she'd've</td>
<td>she would have</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>she'll</td>
<td>she shall / she will</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>she's</td>
<td>she has / she is</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>should've</td>
<td>should have</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>shouldn't</td>
<td>should not</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>shouldn't've</td>
<td>should not have</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>that'll</td>
<td>that will</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>that's</td>
<td>that has / that is</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>there'd</td>
<td>there had / there would</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>there'd've</td>
<td>there would have</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>there're</td>
<td>there are</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>there's</td>
<td>there has / there is</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>they'd</td>
<td>they had / they would</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>they'd've</td>
<td>they would have</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>they'll</td>
<td>they shall / they will</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>they're</td>
<td>they are</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>they've</td>
<td>they have</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>wasn't</td>
<td>was not</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>we'd</td>
<td>we had / we would</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>we'd've</td>
<td>we would have</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>we'll</td>
<td>we will</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>we're</td>
<td>we are</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>we've</td>
<td>we have</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>weren't</td>
<td>were not</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>what'll</td>
<td>what shall / what will</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>what're</td>
<td>what are</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>what's</td>
<td>what has / what is / what does</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>what've</td>
<td>what have</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>when's</td>
<td>when has / when is</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>where'd</td>
<td>where did</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>where's</td>
<td>where has / where is</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>where've</td>
<td>where have</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>who'd</td>
<td>who would / who had</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>who'll</td>
<td>who shall / who will</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>who're</td>
<td>who are</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>who's</td>
<td>who has / who is</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>who've</td>
<td>who have</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>why'll</td>
<td>why will</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>why're</td>
<td>why are</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>why's</td>
<td>why has / why is</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>won't</td>
<td>will not</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>would've</td>
<td>would have</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>wouldn't</td>
<td>would not</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>wouldn't've</td>
<td>would not have</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>y'all</td>
<td>you all</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>y'all'd've</td>
<td>you all should have / you all could have / you all would have</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>you'd</td>
<td>you had / you would</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>you'd've</td>
<td>you would have</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>you'll</td>
<td>you shall / you will</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>you're</td>
<td>you are</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>you've</td>
<td>you have</td>
</tr>
</table>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Notes">Notes</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:List_of_English_contractions&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;">
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"ain't" is used colloquially by some speakers as a substitute for a number of contractions, but is considered substandard by others.</span></li>
<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"aren't" is usually a contraction of "are not"; however, it can be used as a contraction of "am not" in questions (e.g. "Aren't I the greatest?"), though this is often considered substandard.</span></li>
<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"don't" can be used colloquially to mean "does not"; however, this is considered grammatically incorrect to most speakers.</span></li>
</ol>
</div>
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