diff --git a/clawd-pump/Cargo.toml b/clawd-pump/Cargo.toml
index de5ed410..fecdf66e 100644
--- a/clawd-pump/Cargo.toml
+++ b/clawd-pump/Cargo.toml
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ spl-associated-token-account = { version = "6.0.0", features = [
 ] }
 spl-token-client = "0.13.0"
 base64 = "0.13"
-rand = "0.8.5"
+rand = "0.10.1"
 borsh = { version = "1.5.3"}
 borsh-derive = "1.5.3"
 colored = "3.0.0"
diff --git a/skills/ore-master 2/Cargo.lock b/skills/ore-master 2/Cargo.lock
index 83fb050c..bf9e1d78 100644
--- a/skills/ore-master 2/Cargo.lock	
+++ b/skills/ore-master 2/Cargo.lock	
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "94893f1e0c6eeab764ade8dc4c0db24caf4fe7cbbaafc0eba0a9030f447b5185"
 dependencies = [
  "num-traits",
- "rand 0.8.5",
+ "rand 0.8.6",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -647,9 +647,9 @@ checksum = "1fd0f2584146f6f2ef48085050886acf353beff7305ebd1ae69500e27c67f64b"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "bytes"
-version = "1.10.1"
+version = "1.11.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d71b6127be86fdcfddb610f7182ac57211d4b18a3e9c82eb2d17662f2227ad6a"
+checksum = "1e748733b7cbc798e1434b6ac524f0c1ff2ab456fe201501e6497c8417a4fc33"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "caps"
@@ -1576,7 +1576,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "parking_lot",
  "portable-atomic",
  "quanta",
- "rand 0.8.5",
+ "rand 0.8.6",
  "smallvec",
  "spinning_top",
 ]
@@ -2179,9 +2179,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "keccak"
-version = "0.1.5"
+version = "0.1.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ecc2af9a1119c51f12a14607e783cb977bde58bc069ff0c3da1095e635d70654"
+checksum = "cb26cec98cce3a3d96cbb7bced3c4b16e3d13f27ec56dbd62cbc8f39cfb9d653"
 dependencies = [
  "cpufeatures",
 ]
@@ -2727,7 +2727,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "ore-api",
  "ore-mint-api",
  "ore-stake-api",
- "rand 0.8.5",
+ "rand 0.9.2",
  "solana-nostd-keccak",
  "solana-program",
  "solana-security-txt",
@@ -3047,9 +3047,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "rand"
-version = "0.8.5"
+version = "0.8.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "34af8d1a0e25924bc5b7c43c079c942339d8f0a8b57c39049bef581b46327404"
+checksum = "5ca0ecfa931c29007047d1bc58e623ab12e5590e8c7cc53200d5202b69266d8a"
 dependencies = [
  "libc",
  "rand_chacha 0.3.1",
@@ -3375,7 +3375,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "borsh 1.5.5",
  "bytes",
  "num-traits",
- "rand 0.8.5",
+ "rand 0.8.6",
  "rkyv",
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
@@ -4042,7 +4042,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "futures-util",
  "indexmap",
  "log",
- "rand 0.8.5",
+ "rand 0.8.6",
  "rayon",
  "solana-measure",
  "solana-metrics",
@@ -4280,7 +4280,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "crossbeam-channel",
  "log",
  "nix",
- "rand 0.8.5",
+ "rand 0.8.6",
  "serde",
  "serde_derive",
  "socket2",
@@ -4329,7 +4329,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "libc",
  "log",
  "nix",
- "rand 0.8.5",
+ "rand 0.8.6",
  "rayon",
  "serde",
  "solana-metrics",
@@ -4378,7 +4378,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "num-derive",
  "num-traits",
  "parking_lot",
- "rand 0.8.5",
+ "rand 0.8.6",
  "serde",
  "serde_bytes",
  "serde_derive",
@@ -4490,7 +4490,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "num-derive",
  "num-traits",
  "percentage",
- "rand 0.8.5",
+ "rand 0.8.6",
  "serde",
  "solana-compute-budget",
  "solana-feature-set",
@@ -4521,7 +4521,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "getrandom 0.2.15",
  "js-sys",
  "num-traits",
- "rand 0.8.5",
+ "rand 0.8.6",
  "serde",
  "serde_derive",
  "solana-atomic-u64",
@@ -4703,7 +4703,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "num_enum",
  "pbkdf2",
  "rand 0.7.3",
- "rand 0.8.5",
+ "rand 0.8.6",
  "serde",
  "serde_bytes",
  "serde_derive",
@@ -4842,7 +4842,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "bs58",
  "ed25519-dalek",
  "generic-array",
- "rand 0.8.5",
+ "rand 0.8.6",
  "serde",
  "serde_derive",
  "solana-sanitize",
@@ -4905,7 +4905,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "percentage",
  "quinn",
  "quinn-proto",
- "rand 0.8.5",
+ "rand 0.8.6",
  "rustls 0.23.32",
  "smallvec",
  "socket2",
@@ -5000,7 +5000,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "bincode",
  "lazy_static",
  "log",
- "rand 0.8.5",
+ "rand 0.8.6",
  "solana-perf",
  "solana-sdk",
  "solana-short-vec",
@@ -5031,7 +5031,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "957aa8b0102a39c78475308a282ed0cb854cddf6607752699a12b6e237a6eb8a"
 dependencies = [
  "lazy_static",
- "rand 0.8.5",
+ "rand 0.8.6",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -5115,7 +5115,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "merlin",
  "num-derive",
  "num-traits",
- "rand 0.8.5",
+ "rand 0.8.6",
  "serde",
  "serde_derive",
  "serde_json",
@@ -5147,7 +5147,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "merlin",
  "num-derive",
  "num-traits",
- "rand 0.8.5",
+ "rand 0.8.6",
  "serde",
  "serde_derive",
  "serde_json",
@@ -5172,7 +5172,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "hash32",
  "libc",
  "log",
- "rand 0.8.5",
+ "rand 0.8.6",
  "rustc-demangle",
  "scroll",
  "thiserror 1.0.69",
@@ -6169,7 +6169,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "http 0.2.12",
  "httparse",
  "log",
- "rand 0.8.5",
+ "rand 0.8.6",
  "rustls 0.21.12",
  "sha1",
  "thiserror 1.0.69",
diff --git a/skills/ore-master 2/program/Cargo.toml b/skills/ore-master 2/program/Cargo.toml
index 9aa27a13..4e2efa1a 100644
--- a/skills/ore-master 2/program/Cargo.toml	
+++ b/skills/ore-master 2/program/Cargo.toml	
@@ -33,4 +33,4 @@ spl-associated-token-account.workspace = true
 steel.workspace = true
 
 [dev-dependencies]
-rand = "0.8.5"
+rand = "0.9.2"
diff --git a/skills/solana-formal-verification/Cargo.lock b/skills/solana-formal-verification/Cargo.lock
index 7d549673..d0c6e93d 100644
--- a/skills/solana-formal-verification/Cargo.lock
+++ b/skills/solana-formal-verification/Cargo.lock
@@ -741,9 +741,9 @@ checksum = "384b8ab6d37215f3c5301a95a4accb5d64aa607f1fcb26a11b5303878451b4fe"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "openssl"
-version = "0.10.79"
+version = "0.10.80"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "bf0b434746ee2832f4f0baf10137e1cabb18cbe6912c69e2e33263c45250f542"
+checksum = "a45fa2aa886c42762255da344f0a0d313e254066c46aad76f300c3d3da62d967"
 dependencies = [
  "bitflags",
  "cfg-if",
@@ -772,9 +772,9 @@ checksum = "7c87def4c32ab89d880effc9e097653c8da5d6ef28e6b539d313baaacfbafcbe"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "openssl-sys"
-version = "0.9.115"
+version = "0.9.116"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "158fe5b292746440aa6e7a7e690e55aeb72d41505e2804c23c6973ad0e9c9781"
+checksum = "f28a22dc7140cda5f096e5e7724a6962ca81a7f8bfd2979f9b18c11af56318c4"
 dependencies = [
  "cc",
  "libc",